Ethereum developers reveal the next upgrade, Hegota

  • The Hegota update will follow Glamsterdam in the Ethereum upgrade cycle.
  • Hegota will merge execution and consensus upgrades to boost efficiency and scalability.
  • Verkle Trees and state improvements aim to make Ethereum lighter for node operators.

Ethereum developers have unveiled the name of the network’s next major upgrade, offering the community an early look at what lies ahead for the blockchain in 2026.

Just weeks after the Fusaka update, developers confirmed that the post-Glamsterdam upgrade will be known as Hegota, continuing Ethereum’s steady path of technical refinement and long-term scalability planning.

The announcement, shared through developer discussions and highlighted by Wu Blockchain, places Hegota as the flagship upgrade slated for later in 2026.

It follows the network’s well-established twice-yearly upgrade cadence and signals Ethereum’s intent to keep improving core infrastructure rather than chasing short-term changes.

A name that reflects Ethereum’s core layers

The name Hegota is not symbolic by chance. It merges two internal upgrade concepts: Bogota and Heze.

Bogota represents the execution layer, where transactions are processed and smart contracts run.

Heze, on the other hand, refers to the consensus layer, which secures the network and ensures agreement across nodes.

By combining these two layers into a single upgrade identity, developers are emphasising coordination across Ethereum’s most critical components.

This approach reflects a growing focus on holistic improvements, rather than isolated changes that affect only one part of the system.

Hegota will come after the Glamsterdam upgrade, which is expected to roll out earlier in 2026.

Together, these updates form part of Ethereum’s long-term roadmap to support increased usage, more complex applications, and a broader base of node operators.

What developers are aiming to improve

While final specifications for Hegota are still under development, early discussions point to several clear priorities.

One major focus is state management, which governs how Ethereum tracks balances, smart contracts, and historical data over time.

As more users and applications interact with Ethereum, the amount of data that nodes must handle increases.

Another key area is execution-layer optimisation. Developers aim to make transactions and smart contracts faster and more efficient, which could translate into smoother user experiences and better performance for decentralised applications.

Verkle Trees are also expected to play a role in Hegota.

This technology is designed to reduce how much data nodes need to store, making it easier for individuals and smaller operators to run full nodes.

A lighter network strengthens decentralisation by lowering technical and hardware barriers.

Building on recent upgrades

Hegota builds on ideas introduced in earlier upgrades, including the Fusaka upgrade.

Ahead of Fusaka’s release, Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin explained that the upgrade would leverage peer-to-peer Data Availability Sampling, known as PeerDAS, to manage growing data demands.

Some of the technologies introduced through Fusaka are still considered novel.

Developers have acknowledged that future upgrades, including Hegota, may refine or extend these ideas as real-world usage reveals areas for improvement.

This iterative approach has become a defining feature of Ethereum’s development philosophy.

Rather than attempting sweeping changes all at once, the network evolves through measured upgrades that prioritise stability and long-term health.

Market reaction

The announcement of Hegota comes as Ethereum continues to navigate a volatile market environment.

At the time of reporting, ETH was trading around $2,959, reflecting a modest daily decline.

Market analysts note that Ethereum needs to remain above $2,894 for any hopes of regaining $3,000.

While price movements remain uncertain, the reveal of Hegota reinforces Ethereum’s focus beyond short-term market fluctuations.

For developers and long-term holders alike, the upgrade signals continued investment in scalability, efficiency, and ease of operation.

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Solana AI token Ava AI (AVA) allegedly bundled 40% at launch

  • Bubblemaps flagged coordinated early Ava AI purchases as suspicious activity.
  • 23 wallets, allegedly tied to the Ava AI deployer, bought 40% of tokens at launch.
  • AVA price has fallen 96% from its January 2025 all-time high.

The Solana-based AI token Ava AI (AVA) has come under scrutiny after blockchain analytics firm Bubblemaps revealed that nearly half of the token’s initial supply may have been acquired by a small cluster of wallets tied to the project’s deployer.

The findings suggest potential insider coordination during the token’s launch, raising questions about the fairness and decentralisation of its initial distribution.

Coordinated buying at launch

According to Bubblemaps, 23 wallets, including the deployer, were freshly funded just before AVA’s debut on the memecoin launch platform Pump.fun.

These wallets, funded through Bitget and Binance in tight time windows, received similar amounts of Solana (SOL) and showed no prior blockchain activity before acquiring AVA.

Bubblemaps described this as a classic example of “sniping,” where crypto trading bots purchase tokens immediately upon public release to gain a price advantage over ordinary investors.

Further analysis revealed that these wallets were connected to other accounts that also bought AVA early.

The similarity in funding sources, timing, and purchase amounts strongly suggests coordination across multiple wallet clusters.

Bubblemaps highlighted that much of this activity went unnoticed at the time, emphasising the need for ongoing monitoring of early token distribution to detect suspicious behaviour.

Implications for investors

The news of early wallet coordination has sparked discussions among investors and analysts.

Some, like the Twitter user ScoutOnchain, argue that speculative buying and FOMO are intrinsic to new crypto trends, while others emphasise the need for more accessible analytics tools to help investors detect suspicious activity.

The concentration of nearly 40% of AVA’s supply in a small number of wallets has significant implications for retail investors.

A large supply held by few entities can increase the risk of price manipulation or a rug pull, where insiders dump their holdings and cause the token’s value to collapse.

AVA’s price trajectory appears to reflect these risks.

After reaching an all-time high of $0.3318 on January 15, 2025, the token has fallen by approximately 96% from that peak, currently trading around $0.01062 with a market capitalisation of $10.6 million.

Its 24-hour trading range currently sits between $0.01043 and $0.01143, while the seven-day range has swung between $0.008029 and $0.01371.

And despite the decline from its peak, the token’s circulating supply remains nearly identical to its total supply of approximately 999 million AVA, with a maximum supply capped at 1 billion.

Bubblemaps has pledged to continue monitoring early token movements and provide insights to the community, signalling an ongoing effort to bring transparency to new launches.

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Who regulates prediction markets? Coinbase forces a US legal test

  • Coinbase argues the Commodity Exchange Act gives the CFTC exclusive authority over event contracts.
  • Earlier cases involving Kalshi show courts have yet to settle the issue decisively.
  • The rulings could shape how prediction markets and related financial products develop nationwide.

Coinbase has taken its dispute with US regulators to court as it expands into prediction markets, filing lawsuits against authorities in Connecticut, Illinois, and Michigan.

The legal challenge centres on a fundamental question facing financial markets in the United States: whether prediction markets should be regulated at the federal level as financial derivatives or treated by states as gambling products.

Coinbase argues that the answer has already been set out in federal law.

State regulators disagree, setting up a clash that could redefine oversight for event-based markets tied to finance, politics, and real-world outcomes.

A jurisdictional battle takes shape

The exchange’s case is built around the Commodity Exchange Act, which grants the Commodity Futures Trading Commission authority over derivatives, including event contracts.

Coinbase maintains that prediction markets listed on CFTC-supervised platforms fall squarely within this framework.

From the company’s perspective, state efforts to apply local gambling laws amount to regulatory overreach.

Paul Grewal, Coinbase’s Chief Legal Officer, has positioned the lawsuits as a response to what the company sees as a direct conflict between federal authority and state enforcement.

Coinbase argues that allowing individual states to intervene risks creating a fragmented regulatory system that undermines national consistency. In that scenario, stricter jurisdictions could effectively block federally approved products across the country.

Gambling labels under scrutiny

A central issue in the lawsuits is how prediction markets are defined.

State regulators have moved to classify them alongside sports betting and casino-style gambling.

Coinbase rejects this comparison, arguing that the mechanics are fundamentally different.

Prediction markets operate as marketplaces that match buyers and sellers who take opposing views on future events.

Prices are set by market demand rather than by a house that manages odds.

Coinbase says this structure aligns prediction markets with derivatives trading, not wagering, and places them within the scope of federal commodities law rather than state gaming statutes.

Federal oversight and compliance claims

Coinbase has also pointed to the regulatory obligations attached to CFTC-supervised markets.

These include monitoring for manipulation, position limits, and ongoing compliance requirements designed to protect market integrity.

According to the exchange, these safeguards already address many of the consumer protection concerns cited by state regulators.

Ryan VanGrack, Coinbase’s Vice President of Legal, has argued that state-level intervention risks duplicating or conflicting with federal oversight.

The company maintains that pulling prediction markets under local gambling rules ignores how federally regulated derivatives markets operate and threatens uniform supervision.

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Terraform Labs liquidator sues Jump Trading for $4B in damages

  • Terraform Lab’s liquidator alleges Jump secretly propped up UST while misleading markets.
  • Court filings claim Jump gained billions through discounted Luna deals and early exits.
  • Jump denies wrongdoing as US courts revisit accountability beyond Do Kwon.

Terraform Labs’ bankruptcy estate has filed a sweeping lawsuit against market-making giant Jump Trading, accusing it and its executives of secretly manipulating the Terra ecosystem and profiting while the project unravelled.

The administrator overseeing Terraform’s liquidation is seeking $4 billion in damages, arguing that responsibility for one of crypto’s most destructive failures extends well beyond founder Do Kwon.

A collapse that reshaped crypto

The lawsuit revisits the dramatic implosion of TerraUSD and its sister token, LUNA, in 2022.

Terraform Labs built TerraUSD as an algorithmic stablecoin designed to maintain a one-dollar peg through trading incentives, rather than relying on reserves.

When that mechanism failed, confidence evaporated almost overnight.

Within days, LUNA entered a death spiral and more than $40 billion in market value was erased, sending shockwaves through the digital asset industry.

The fallout contributed to subsequent failures at major cryptocurrency lenders and hedge funds, ultimately deepening a crisis of trust across the sector.

Terraform Labs filed for bankruptcy in early 2024 and later agreed to pay roughly $4.5 billion to settle civil charges brought by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Do Kwon, the company’s co-founder, who pleaded guilty to criminal charges, was recently sentenced to 15 years in prison.

Secret deals behind the scenes

According to the bankruptcy estate, the story did not end with Kwon.

Todd Snyder, the court-appointed administrator managing Terraform’s liquidation, alleges that Jump Trading played a hidden and central role in propping up Terra long before its final collapse.

Court filings claim that Jump and Terraform entered undisclosed agreements as early as 2019.

Under those deals, Jump allegedly gained access to millions of Luna tokens at steep discounts.

One agreement cited in the complaint allowed the firm to buy LUNA for about $0.40 per token when the market price later exceeded $110.

The administrator claims these arrangements laid the groundwork for massive profits once Luna surged.

The lawsuit also points to an informal “gentlemen’s agreement” between Jump and Terraform.

According to Snyder, Jump secretly committed to supporting TerraUSD’s peg during periods of stress while Terraform publicly attributed any recovery to the strength of its algorithm.

The arrangement was allegedly concealed to avoid regulatory and market scrutiny.

The May 2021 warning signs

The lawsuit places particular emphasis on events in May 2021, when TerraUSD briefly lost its dollar peg.

At the time, Terraform said the stablecoin’s recovery proved the resilience of its design. The lawsuit now alleges a different reality.

Snyder claims that Jump intervened by purchasing large amounts of TerraUSD, masking fundamental weaknesses in the system.

Investors, he argues, were misled into believing the mechanism had worked as intended.

After that episode exposed flaws in Terra’s design, Jump allegedly negotiated to remove vesting and lockup provisions from its contracts.

Those changes allowed the firm to receive monthly Luna allocations and sell them immediately.

The administrator says this intensified selling pressure and positioned Jump to exit profitably as risks mounted.

Jump pushes back

Jump Trading has categorically rejected the allegations, and it intends to defend itself vigorously.

A company spokesperson has described the lawsuit as an attempt to shift blame away from Terraform Labs and Do Kwon.

Earlier in 2024, the SEC accused Jump’s crypto unit, Tai Mo Shan, of intervening during the May 2021 depeg and later profiting from unlocked LUNA sales.

Tai Mo Shan settled those claims for about $123 million without admitting wrongdoing.

During SEC questioning, both DiSomma and former Jump crypto president Kanav Kariya repeatedly invoked their Fifth Amendment rights.

For Snyder, the current lawsuit is about accountability. Even with Kwon behind bars, he argues that courts must still determine who knew what, who intervened, and who ultimately profited from Terra’s rise and fall.

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Bybit returns to UK crypto market after 2 years

  • The exchange restarted access on Thursday, including spot trading across 100 currency pairs.
  • FCA financial promotion rules introduced in October 2023 led several crypto firms to end UK operations.
  • The UK government has said it intends to establish a crypto rulebook by 2027.

Bybit, the world’s second-largest cryptocurrency exchange by trading volume, says it has restarted services in the UK, nearly two years after tougher rules on the promotion and marketing of crypto products pushed firms to pull back.

The company, which says it has around 80 million users globally, relaunched UK access on Thursday with a set of products that includes spot trading across 100 currency pairs, reports CoinDesk.

The move comes as the Financial Conduct Authority continues to scrutinise how crypto services are advertised to British residents, while the UK government has signalled it wants a fuller crypto rulebook in place by 2027.

Why Bybit left and what changed

The FCA tightened its financial promotion regime for crypto advertising in October 2023, triggering a wave of operational changes across the industry and prompting several firms to end UK activity.

According to CoinDesk, Bybit said its return is built around meeting FCA financial promotion standards, with an emphasis on clearer communications and transparency for UK users.

The company is not licensed in the UK, but says it is operating within a framework designed to comply with the FCA’s requirements for promotions.

That framework matters because, under the rules, crypto marketing aimed at UK consumers must be approved by an authorised firm unless an exemption applies.

What UK users can access now

Bybit said UK customers can again use its services, including spot trading across 100 currency pairs, notes CoinDesk.

The exchange described the restart as a reopening of UK services rather than a limited pilot, positioning it as a return to the market after the regulatory shift.

Bybit’s policy team framed the UK as a market with a sophisticated financial ecosystem and a clearer regulatory direction, saying the exchange intends to introduce products tailored for UK users while prioritising transparency and compliance.

How Archax is enabling compliant crypto promotion

To support its UK activity, Bybit will operate and market its services via London-based crypto exchange Archax.

Archax holds a specific FCA permission that allows it to approve financial promotions, a route that can enable unauthorised firms to legally market and provide services to UK consumers.

Archax said it is supporting Bybit’s compliant access to the UK market and pointed to prior work helping other large exchanges, states CoinDesk,  including Coinbase and OKX, reach UK users without needing their own authorisation.

What the 2027 crypto rulebook signal means

Alongside the FCA’s stricter approach to promotions, the UK government has said it intends to establish a crypto rulebook by 2027.

That announcement has fuelled expectations of a more defined operating environment for exchanges, even as marketing standards remain a key gatekeeper for consumer-facing activity in the near term.

Industry watchers see the arrangement as another test case for how large global crypto platforms re-enter the UK without holding direct regulatory authorisation under evolving financial promotion oversight regimes globally.

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